Video narration
Why did Marx think society is divided into opposing classes? Think of your school canteen: one owner controls the business; workers prepare and serve the food. Marx said class is not simply about who has more money. The key divide is who owns production-and who must sell their labor. He called productive resources the means of production; class depends on your relationship to them. The owner stands for the bourgeoisie, who own productive property; workers are the proletariat, who sell their labor to earn a living. This canteen is an analogy, not a claim that every workplace is identical. Their interests can clash: owners seek control and profit; workers seek better pay and conditions. Marx called this class struggle-the conflict between classes-and argued it can drive social change. So society divides, like the canteen, between owners who control production and workers who sell their labor.