Video narration
Picture a settlement with no wide streets at all. This is Çatalhöyük, in today’s Turkey. Archaeologists believe people began living here around 9,000 years ago, and at its peak, thousands of people may have called it home. Instead of roads, the houses were packed tightly together, like a solid block of rooms. In many areas, people likely moved across the rooftops, stepping from house to house, then climbing down through openings in the roof. Inside, each home was more than a shelter: spaces were used for cooking, sleeping, working, and storing food. Daily life happened behind walls, while the roofs above acted like shared pathways. So Çatalhöyük wasn’t a modern city—but it was also far more complex than a simple collection of huts: a dense neighborhood built upward, lived in from the top down.